THE COURT STRUCTURE OF QUEBEC AND LOWER CANADA, 1764 TO 1860
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COURT STRUCTURE TABLE: 1777-1794
(links lead to the relevant court profile)
 
CIVIL FIRST INSTANCE CRIMINAL FIRST INSTANCE APPELLATE
COURTS OF COMMON PLEAS 
(1 for each district) 
All civil matters; appeal to the Court of Appeals in cases >£St10 

COURTS OF REQUESTS (from 1787) 
(1 in each locality designated by proclamation) 
Civil matters £10 (to 1788), certain civil matters 40sh (from 1788) 

JUSTICES OF THE PEACE (from 1785)  
(numerous in each district) 
Justices in remote areas of the province: civil matters involving personal property and rights £5

COURT OF KING'S BENCH 
(1 for the entire province) 
All criminal matters; appeal to the King and Council from fines >£St100 (possibly from 1787 only) 

COURTS OF OYER AND TERMINER AND GENERAL GAOL DELIVERY 
(in each district as needed) 
All criminal matters; appeal to the King and Council from fines >£St100 (possibly from 1787 only) 

COURTS OF QUARTER SESSIONS OF THE PEACE 
(1 for each district) 
Criminal matters not involving loss of life or limb 

COURTS OF WEEKLY SESSIONS OF THE PEACE   
(1 in Quebec City and Montreal) 
Minor criminal matters; appeal to the Courts of Quarter Sessions of the Peace in certain cases 

JUSTICES OF THE PEACE   
(numerous in each district) 
Minor criminal matters; appeal to the Courts of Quarter Sessions of the Peace in certain cases

KING AND COUNCIL 
Appeals from the Court of Appeals in civil cases >£St500, and (possibly from 1787 only) from all courts in criminal cases involving fines £St100 

COURT OF APPEALS 
(1 for the entire province) 
Appeals from the Courts of Common Pleas in civil cases >£St10; appeal to the King and Council in cases >£St500 

COURTS OF QUARTER SESSIONS OF THE PEACE 
(1 for each district) 
Appeals from the Courts of Weekly Sessions of the Peace and the petty sessions of the Justices of the Peace in specific criminal cases



Donald Fyson, with the assistance of Evelyn Kolish and Virginia Schweitzer, The Court Structure of Quebec and Lower Canada, 1764-1860 (Montreal: Montreal History Group, 1994/1997/2023). http://www.profs.hst.ulaval.ca/Dfyson/Courtstr/

Page content last updated 2004-02-18